Fluid-compressor.



PATENTED JUNE 12, 1906.

N. AIGHRISTENSEN. FLUID COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.11. 1899.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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( f WT PATENTED JUNE 12, 1906.

N. A. CHRISTENSEN.

FLUID COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.11,1899.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FLUID-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Original application filed September 9, 1899, Serial N 0. 729,957. Divided and this application filed December 11, 1899. Serial No. 739,900.

To (LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NIELS ANTON CHRIS- TENSEN, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Compressors, of which the following is a specification, the Within application being divisional of an application filed by me on September 9, 1899, Serial No. 729,957,for a high-pressure fluid-compressor.

My invention relates to fluid-compressors generally, and more particularly to the cooling arrangement therefor, whereby the compressed air may be cooled before its admission and delivery into the reservoir.

While for convenience I have herein shown my invention as applied to a high-pressure fluid compressor for obtaining extremely high pressures, in which type of compressor my cooling arrangement is particularly useful, yet it will be understood that my invention is applicable to fluid-compressors generally.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a compressor having a plurality of compressioncylinders and operated by a motor mounted on the compressor; Fig. 2, a sectional plan on line 2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3, a section on line 3 of Fig. 1 Fig. 4, a sectional elevation on line 4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 a section on line 5 of Fig. 4.

My invention is shown applied to a compressor having a plurality of compressioncylinders, and I will proceed to describe such invention in this connection Without intending to limit myself to any number of cylinders The main frame or compressor-casing 1 has a chamber 2, in which the main shaft 3 and other working parts of the compressor operate. The main shaft extends extraneous of the casing and is provided at one end with a large gear (not shown) contained within the gear-casing 4; This gear meshes with a pinion (not shown) contained within a casing 5. This pinion is mounted on the armature-shaft 6 of the electric motor 7, whose base 8 preferably forms the top cover of the compressor-casing, thereby closing the chamber 2 and protecting the Working parts contained therein. Obviously any other source of power may be employed to drive the main shaft.

Fig. 1 represents a compressor having three compression-cylinders, and as all of the cylinders and parts operating therein are similar in construction and operation a description of one of them, such as illustrated in Fig. 3, will sufiice for all. The three cylinders are arranged in a forward extension 9 and communicate with the chamber 2, so that such chamber may be filled with water, oil, or other lubricant for lubricating the pistons. Each cylinder 10 has a single-acting piston 1 1 with a crank connection with the main axle 3. I The forward end of the cylinders is provided with a head or cover 12, containing the discharge-port governed by a discharge-valve 13 and controlling a passage 14, passing through the head or cover and leading to the reservoir indirectly through the cooling devices hereinafter referred to. Each cylinder is provided with a separate suction-valve 15 of any suitable construction. Each discharge-passage 14 extends downward through the head or cover, where it has a nozzle 16, to which is secured, by means of the coupling 17, a gooseneck 18 underneath the extended part of the main casing and communicating with a cooling-coil 19, preferably of copper, located in a rectangular chamber 20, which is formed in the compression-base or casing below the chamber 2 by means of the false bottom or partition 21. The forward end of the cooling-chamber is closed by three covers or plates 22, which are separate and independent, for a purpose hereinafter stated. There is thus provided a cover or plate for each cylinder and coil, which plates are bolted or otherwise secured to the casing or pumpbase. As clearly shown in Fig. 5, the goose neck and the inlet end 23 of the copper coil are brazed or otherwise secured to the plate 22 and communicate with each other through a passage 25 in the boss or enlargement 26, formed on the plate. The outlet end 27 of the coil is also secured to the plate and communicates with the branch discharge pipe or passage 28, leading to a discharge-pipe 29, which is common to all of the discharge-passages of the different cylinders.

The common discharge-pipe 29, as shown in the drawings, discharges on the right, and the other end is closed by a cap 30 but obviously this cap may be changed to the opposite end and the compressed air taken off from the left-hand end, as desired. The head or cover 9 is hollow, having internal passages and open-work 31 for the free circulation of water which enters through the inlet 32, as shown in Fig. 1. By means of the circulation of water through the head or cover the discharge-valves and the end of the cylinder are cooled. The water also circulates from the back head into a jacket 33 and also into the chamber 20 in the pump-base containing the cooling-coils, from which the waterpasses through an outlet 34. The head or cover is bolted or otherwise secured to the pump-base or compressor-casing by means of a series of bolts 35, extending into the chamber 2 and having nuts 36 therein. Smaller cap-screws 37 may be used, passing through the head and screwing into said base.

The air compressed in the cylinders is discharged through passages 14, through the gooseneck 18, through. the coils 19, through the branch pipe 28, and finally to the common discharge-pipe 29, from whence it is delivered to any suitable reservoir. By means of the cooling arrangement shown the air which is heated to a high temperature, especially when compressed to a high degree, becomes cooled by the circulating water, which serves not only to keep the parts of the compressor as cool as possible, but also serves to cool the discharged air before it has been delivered to the reservoir. With the metal parts constructed of the proper character of material having high tensile strength and good conductivity, so as to radiate the heat away to this body of circulating water as fast as it is created by the compressor, I am enabled to provide a compressor which is capable of compressing to a very high degree, even in one stage. Furthermore, the arrangement shown is not only simple, but compact, and provides a compressor having a minimum of parts and a minimum of material consistent with the necessary strength requisite for obtaining the high pressures.

The fluid delivered through the delivery pipe or passage is highly heated by the heat of compression, and to provide for the expansion the connection between the dischargenozzle and the eooling-coil is what is known as a gooseneck, which will receive expan sion without cracking or loosening of oints or connections. lVhile the fluid in such connection may be highly heated, it becomes thoroughly cooled in the coil, and, as I have found in practice, the common dischargepipe leading to the reservoir or place of use is comparatively cold. Moreover, the coolingchamber serves to cool the lubricant employed in the piston-chamber, which is directly above the cooling-chamber.

It is obvious that any one or more of the compressors may be cut out of operation by closing suitable valves communicating with the common discharge-pipe. After disconnecting the branch pipe 28 from the cover 22 and uncoupling the gooseneck from the dis charge-nozzle 16 and unbolting the cover the entire cooling-coil may be withdrawn for any purpose without disturbing the operation of Although I have described moreor less precise forms and details of construction, I

do not intend to be-understood as limiting' myself thereto, as I contemplate changes in form, the proportion of parts, and the substitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or render expedient and without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim- 1. A compressor comprising a casing, a plurality of cylinders therein having pistons, such casing having a false-bottom forming a cooling-chamber integral with-said casing and each of said cylinders having independent and valve-governed suction and discharge passages, a series of independentlyremovable covers for said chambers provided with passages for the inlet and exit of the fluid under pressure, and independent cooling-coils located in said cooling-chamber andconnected at their ends with said passages in the removable covers.

2. A compressor comprising a casmg, aplurality of cylinders therein having plstons,

such easing having afalse bottomforming a cooling-chamber integral with said casing,- each of said cylinders having independent and valve-governed suction and discharge passages, a series of independently-removable covers for said chamber, independent cooling-coils located in said cooling-chamber and connected at their ends with-the covers respectively, a discharge-pipe common to all 5 of said discharge-passages and coils, and independently-operable cut-out valves located between. the coils and discharge-pipes.

3. Acompressor comprising a casing, a plurality of cylinders therein having pistons,

such casing having a false'bottom forming a cooling-chamber integral with said casing, means for operating the pistons, each cylinder having independent and valve-governed suction and discharge passages, independent cooling-coils one for each discharge-passage and located in said chamber, independent covers for said chamber, to which covers the coils are secured at their free ends and with which they are bodily removed, a common discharge-pipe havlng communication with said discharge-passages and coils and independent cut-ofl valves located between the coils and common discharge-pipe.

4. In a compressor, the combination with a compressor-casing having a false bottom forming a cooling-chamber, a plurality of cylinders located in the casing and having pistons for compressing and discharging fluid therefrom, a series of independent coolingcoils located in the cooling-chamber, a series of gooseneck connections between the coils and the discharge from the cylinders, and a series of independently-valve-governed delivery-pipes communicating with said coils for delivering the fluid under pressure after the same has passed through such coils.

5. In a compressor, the combination with a compressor-casing having a false bottom forming a cooling-chamber, a plurality of cylinders located in the casing and having pistons for compressing and discharging fluid therefrom, a series of independent coolingcoils located in the cooling-chamber, a series of ooseneck connections between the coils and the discharge from the cylinder, a series of independently-valve-governed deliverypipes communicating with said coils for delivering the fluid under pressure after the same has passed through such coils, said gooseneck connections being detachable from said cylinders, and a delivery-pipe common to all of said series of delivery-pipes leading from the coils.

6. In a compressor, the combination with a compressor-casing having a false bottom forming a cooling-chamber, a plurality of cylinders located in the casing and having pistons for compressing and discharging fluid therefrom, a series of independent'coolingcoils located in the cooling-chamber, a series of gooseneck connections between the coils and the discharge from the cylinders, a series of independently-valvegoverned deliverypipes communicating with said coils for delivering the fluid under pressure after the same has passed through such coils, a series of removable covers for the cooling-chamber and provided with inlet and outlet passages for the fluid under pressure, a series of goosenecks communicating between the discharge of the cylinders and the inlet-passages in the removable covers, said cooling-coils being arranged to communicate at their ends with said inlet and outlet passages in their removable covers, and a series of independentlyvalve-governed delivery-pipes communicating with the outlet-passages in said removable covers.

7. Ina compressor, the combination with a compressor-casing having a false bottom forming a cooling-chamber, a plurality of cylinders located in the casing and having istons for compressing and discharging uid therefrom, a series of independent coolingcoils located in the cooling-chamber, a series of gooseneck connections between the coils and the dischar e from the cylinders, a series of independenfjy-valve-governed deliverypipes communicating with said coils for delivering the fluid under pressure after the same has passed through such coils, said cylindershaving delivery-pipes terminating in nozzles, a series of removable closures for closing the front of said cooling-chamber and provided with inlet and outlet passages, said cooling-coils being located in such chamber and secured at their ends in and communicating with said passages in the closures and being bodily removable with their'respective closures, a series of goosenecks forming eX- pansible connections between said nozzles and said in1et-passages in the closure, and a series of independently-valve-governed delivcry-pip es communicating with the outlet-p assages in said closures.

NIELS ANTON CHRISTENSEN. Witnesses:

A. E. BALDWIN,

SAMUEL E. HIBBENQ 

